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SUMMARYFounded: March 11th, 1989 Headquarters: Mobile Headquarters Active Regions: Mone Koe in Kokang region, townships in Laukkai. Size: Over 2,000 Chairman: Pheung Kya-shin Chairman – Pheung Kya-shin Vice Chairman – Secretary – Peng Deren (Pheung Daxun) The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), which split from the Communist Party of Burma (CPB), and has had a ceasefire agreement with the military government since its formation in 1989, is based in Kokang Special Region (1) in Shan State. In September 2009, the ceasefire was broken and fighting between the MNDAA and the Tatmadaw (military) resumed after it pressured the group to transform itself into a border guard force(BGF). Although the MNDAA joined the peace process with the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC) during the U Thein Sein administration, it was not recognized by the government as an ethnic armed group. As a result, heavy fighting broke out between the MNDAA and the Tatmadaw in February 2015, and the group declared a unilateral ceasefire on June 10th, 2015. In the second week of February 2019, clashes broke out between the MNDAA and the Tatmadaw in Kunlong Township. The MNDAA is one of the four members of the Northern Alliance with the Kachin Independence Army (KIO/KIA), the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), and The Arakan Army (ULA/AA). It is also a member of the Three Brotherhood Alliance, which includes the AA and, the TNLA. After the talks held in Kengtung Township on December 20th, 2019, the Three Brotherhood Alliance announced a unilateral ceasefire until the end of December. The MNDAA, together with the United Wa State Army (UWSA), participate in the FPNCC. It is preparing to hold non-NCA peace talks about the return of autonomy to Kokang region with the stated aim of achieving full civil rights for the people of Kokang. The armed group has had frequent clashes with the military in Monekoe and Kutkai in northern Shan State. Following the February 2021 military coup, there were 46 days of fighting between the MNDAA and the military junta troops. In 2021, it attended an informal meeting between members of the Northern Alliance and the State Administration Council (SAC) in Mongla on December 15th. On February 16th, 2022, the MNDAA leader Pheung Kya-shin died. His funeral was attended by representatives of partner organisations, including the National Unity Government (NUG) and ULA/AA. There are likely to be changes in the leadership of the MNDAA in the near future. Ceasefires and Peace Process Fighting Alliance Leadership Political Demands Contact |
Ceasefire & Peace ProcessNon-ceasefire group Leadership: Alliance: FPNCC, Northern Alliance – Burma Political Demands: Restoring self-administration in Kokang region; Kokang people must have ethnic rights like other ethnics and citizen rights. Leadership Contact: Official delegation teamNone Liaison officesNone |
Meetings
| # | Date | Location | Armed Group Rep | Govt Rep | Details |
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| 3 |
Developments
MNDAA sent an open letter to President Thein Sein on 16 Feb 2015. In the letter, MNDAA called for political talks.
Statements
17 October 2015 – MNDAA chairperson released 17/10 statement
10 September 2015 – AA, MNDAA and TNLA released a statement on EAOs – President meeting
05 August 2015 – AA, MNDAA and TNLA released a joint statement to call for ceasefire (Eng)
05 August 2015 – AA, MNDAA and TNLA released a joint statement to call for ceasefire (Bur)
10 June 2015 – MNDAA announced unilateral ceasefire
19 April 2015 – MNDAA released a statement of battle news
01 Mar, 2015 – MNDAA, TNLA and AA released a joint statement
16 Feb, 2015 – MNDAA sent an open letter to President Thein Sein on 16 Feb 2015
Reference: Deciphering Myanmar’s Peace Process – A Reference Guide (2021 – 2022)