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Date of Formation – 16 April 2021 President of the State: – U Win Myint (detained by the military junta) Vice President of the State (Acting President) – Duwa Lashi La State Counsellor – Daw Aung San Suu Kyi (detained by the military junta) Union Prime Minister – Mahn Win Khaing Than Union Ministers – 16 Deputy Union Ministers – 17 Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/NUGmyanmar Website – https://nugmyanmar.org/ It has been over four years since the formation of the Interim National Unity Government (T-NUG), commonly known as the National Unity Government (NUG). Under the NUG’s Ministry of Home Affairs, there are 173 township-level People’s Administration Teams (Pa-Ah- Pha), 10 district-level People’s Administration Teams, 41 township-level People’s Security Teams, and 8 township-level People’s Police Forces in seven regions. The NUG’s Ministry of Defense has established over 250 township-level People’s Defense Teams (Pa-Ka-Pha) and over 300 People’s Defense Force (PDF) battalions organized by township and district across various military regions. Despite successfully forming and deploying numerous battalions and forces, the NUG faces significant limitations in equipping all of them with military weaponry. The NUG is part of the Central Command and Coordination Committee (C3C), which includes four EROs and engages in joint operations in various military regions. However, some NUG- affiliated People’s Defense Teams, People’s Administration Teams, and People’s Security Teams have faced public criticism and opposition in certain military regions. There have been calls for reform within these NUG-affiliated groups, which suffer from weak accountability and responsibility, with suggestions to reorganize them through public selection processes. 2 On 19 January 2025, the commander and members of the People’s Defense Force – Gangaw Battalion (Yaw Region) (PDF-Gangaw Battalion – YAW REGION), Battalion (12), under the NUG’s Ministry of Defense (MoD), announced their resignation from the MoD. Subsequently, they formed a military alliance with the Chin Brotherhood (CB) and the Arakan Army (AA), joining forces with the Yaw Army (YA). 3 Additionally, the Galon Column, which had been operating under the NUG-MoD since March 2022, also resigned with permission on 29 January 2025 and fully integrated into the Chain of Command (COC) of the Mon Liberation Army (MLA). 4 The Federal Wings drone force, which had collaborated with the NUG’s Ministry of Communications, Information, and Technology (MOCIT), announced on 6 October 2024 that both parties mutually agreed to suspend their collaboration. Federal Wings continues to work with regional EROs and resistance forces not affiliated with the NUG. In the ongoing revolution, Federal Wings emphasized on 20 July 2025 that financial resources are not the primary issue; rather, the genuine leadership capacity of those in charge is essential for the revolution’s success. 5 On the other hand, the All Burma Students’ Democratic Front (ABSDF) and the NUG signed a Memorandum of Understanding based on mutual understanding, political dignity, and recognition. The agreement aims to build a strong relationship between the two organizations, for them to fight together to abolish the military dictatorship, and to work toward establishing a future Federal Democratic Union. 6 Additionally, in January 2025, the People’s Independence Organization/People’s Independence Army (PIO/PIA) and the NUG-MoD held talks and agreed to cooperate on military operations and people’s administrative processes. In essence, after more than four years, the NUG has faced criticisms, praises, weaknesses, and strengths in its military, political, international affairs, and social service efforts in liberated areas. The need for NUG reform is widely acknowledged. However, progress on drafting the Transitional Federal Democratic Constitution, one of the 12 points in the Federal Democracy Charter’s roadmap, has been delayed, hindering the establishment of a transitional government. The NUG’s reform efforts are closely tied to this roadmap, and stakeholders are striving to overcome these challenges. Whether these reforms will demonstrate the unity and strength needed for the revolution remains to be seen. 2. Announcement, Yaw Defense Force (YDF), 29 Jan 2025 Reference: Deciphering Myanmar’s Peace Process – A Reference Guide (2024 – 2025) |